EL CONOCIMIENTO PREVIO EN ESTUDIANTES DE INGENIERÍA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA MOTIVACIÓN AL APRENDIZAJE
Resumen
El conocimiento previo es uno de los principales factores que influye en el proceso de aprendizaje, tanto en el ámbito académico como en el profesional. Este conocimiento es muy diverso según sus áreas de aplicación y su clasificación. El conocimiento declarativo puede ser identificado a partir sus cualidades inherentes de contenido (correcto o erróneo) y de cantidad (completo o incompleto). En el presente estudio se analizó la correlación que existe en el conocimiento previo del tipo declarativo (correcto-completo, incompleto y erróneo) con la motivación hacia el aprendizaje científico, a partir de seis indicadores (Autoeficacia, Estrategias de Aprendizaje Activo, Valor del Aprendizaje Científico, Meta de Rendimiento, Meta de Logro y Estimulación del Ambiente de Aprendizaje). La medición del conocimiento previo se realiza con un instrumento de opción múltiple que evalúa los conocimientos previos de electrostática, en donde cada opción de respuesta de un ítem incluye conocimiento de cada tipo. El instrumento de motivación es conformado por 30 preguntas estructuradas en escala Likert. Ambos instrumentos fueron validados y cuentan con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach mayor a 0.7. Se realiza la correlación entre cada una de las cualidades inherentes de conocimiento previo y seis indicadores de motivación y se analizan los resultados.Citas
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